WEll when someone is murdered in a hate crime it kinda escalates from a hate crime to aggravated assault / murder etc etc with undercurrents of hate crime to push the sentence harder... but to, let's say kill someone for flying the Confederate flag or verbally insulting them? it's petty and childish and isn't going to solve anything. In all honesty, there really isn't anything they can do for hate crimes. Prison time does nothing but reinforce prejudice because in order to survive people have to essentially go in with one of the gangs, and pretty much all of them are split my race etc. plus that's not teaching them anything because they'd have to be re-introduced to society, our prison's are already over maxed, and you'd be putting people in prison for a minor crime and they'd come out criminals. The best way to fight discrimination is to advocate against ignorance.
How many communities enforce close-minded behavior? How many churches preach that other religions are evil aside from Christianity? How many people's parents sit there and teach their children to be hateful and to discriminate?
It's a learned behavior and it needs to be addressed at it's source; schools, churches, neighborhoods, athletic events, etc. Not by the police unless they are necessary.
If someone acts ignorant address them logically, be calm and polite B| going over the top only enforces the behavior.
Ultimately there isn't much to do; unless they harm someone or destroy their property it really isn't much that can be done. Everyone is entitled to their opinion, if they want to dislike something that is their business but when they choose to take it out on other people, often times there are other things involved that make the crime something beyond general discrimination.
Idk I just don't think it's something that CAN be punished and be productive; teaching the culprit something. Because most "punishments" that he law administers don't teach anything.